August 2000 Newsletter Addendum Here are additional pictures & links that supplement the August 2000 Newsletter. For the full articles, Download the Newsletter here.

Tree Diseases Found in the Shivering Sands Area

Trees killed by Armillaria Root Rot	Cone infected by Sphaeropsis
Dead needles	Pycidia fruit bodies

• Cornell University: Armillaria Root Rot
• Washington State University: Armillaria Root Rot
• Amazon: (Book) "Diseases Of Trees & Shrubs" by Sinclair, Lyon, Johnson

Dune Thistle

Mature, dead Thistle

Seedlings

Light Pollution: Not a Pretty Sight

All pictures and info courtesy Patric Johnstone

Dual-level motion detector lights are a safe alternative to dusk-to-dawn lights and low-voltage lights along walkways and steps add charm as well as safety.

You can see a short video on how one community brought back the night sky.

Here are examples of shielded floodlights. They don't have to be exotic – the Wal-mart variety work just as well.

This streetlight is a flat-lensed Cobra-head, and is the defacto standard streetlight in cities with progressive outdoor lighting regulation (Washington DC, Los Angeles, Tucson). Note the absence of a "bubble" lens. By using a flat lens and a special internal reflector this streetlight wastes none of its light. This type of light is known as a Full Cut-off (FCO) as it "cuts off" unwanted light at or above the horizon. Interestingly, Sturgeon Bay actually removed dozens of FCO Sodium lights when it "improved" street lighting with light-polluting "Acorn" glare bombs (that were purchased solely because they look so nostalgic in the daylight).

This picture is of parking lot lighting that is also of the FCO variety. Note the downward pattern of illumination revealed by the mist.

Home Depot is finally getting into the 'good' light market, and is expected to begin carrying a glare-free outdoor "security" light patterned after the SkyCap. The fixture is manufactured by Designers Edge, previously known for their cheap outdoor lighting commonly sold through Home Depot and chains like Builder's Square. Individual Home Depot stores are more likely to carry it if they get calls for it, and it stands to reason more people would buy this type of "dark sky" lighting if it were on the shelf in front of them. 100 Watts of Sodium is a lot of light, though, and my preference would be for a fixture in a 50 or 35-watt version for residential use. I was unable to find the Skycap reflector cover sold in Door County, but it is available from Hubbell Lighting, Inc. at U S LAMP, INC.,3600 VELP AVENUE, GREEN BAY, WI 54313-6563, (920) 4343636. Ask for Part No. NPU-BI (NEMA SkyCap Retrofit). It should be in the $18-20 range, and comes in boxes of two.

Kerscher's Foodland Market in Valmy; an example of a good lighting arrangement.